Burnout, ansiedad, satisfacción y violencia en el trabajo en trabajadores/as sociales de los servicios sociales municipales de Sevilla (España)

  1. Ana Vallejo-Andrada
  2. José Luis Sarasola Sánchez-Serrano
  3. Evaristo Barrera-Algarín
  4. Francisco Caravaca-Sánchez
Journal:
Alternativas: Cuadernos de Trabajo Social

ISSN: 1133-0473,  1989-9971

Year of publication: 2025

Issue: 32

Pages: 81-105

Type: Article

DOI: 10.14198/ALTERN.25953 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openRUA editor

More publications in: Alternativas: Cuadernos de Trabajo Social

Abstract

Introducción. Desde la aparición de la primera definición de burnout se han realizado múltiples investigaciones sobre este fenómeno en el colectivo de trabajadores/as sociales a nivel nacional e internacional, con el fin de determinar su prevalencia, factores de riesgo y protección asociados. Sin embargo, no es frecuente medir su asociación con variables como ansiedad y/o violencia en el ámbito laboral Metodología. Se realizó una investigación cuantitativa sobre un total de 109 trabajadores/as sociales en activo del Colegio Profesional de Sevilla (España) (89,8% mujeres) cumplimentando un cuestionario auto suministrado a finales del 2022, incluyendo información a nivel: demográfica, laboral, burnout, ansiedad, violencia en el ámbito laboral y satisfacción en el trabajo. Resultados. En función de la prevalencia del burnout, un 37,6 % (n = 41) mostraba un elevado agotamiento emocional; un 59,6% (n = 65), una elevada despersonalización; y un 44,0 % (n = 48) una baja realización personal. El análisis de regresión logística binaria (controlado a nivel demográfico y laboral) muestra como determinadas variables se asociaban de manera estadísticamente significativa con las diferentes dimensiones de burnout. Con un elevado agotamiento se asociaba violencia física (OR = 2,708) y amenazas (OR = 1,391). Elevada despersonalización con daños a la propiedad (OR = 5,314) y amenazas (OR = 1,125) y una baja realización personal con una menor satisfacción en el trabajo (OR = 0,968). Discusión y conclusiones. En vista de los elevados niveles de burnout encontrados, las organizaciones públicas y privadas dedicadas a los servicios sociales deben ser conscientes de la necesidad de prevenir este tipo de riesgo psicosocial al cual los/as trabajadores/as sociales están expuestos. La presente investigación podría ayudar a mejorar la salud y la calidad de los/as profesionales del Trabajo Social, así como a reducir los elevados costes que implican las bajas por enfermedad, y mejorar la eficacia de los servicios prestados. Finalmente, hay que destacar que se trata de la primera investigación realizada en España que mide la asociación entre burnout y violencia en el ámbito laboral entre el colectivo de trabajadores/as sociales.

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Data source: Dialnet