Experimental study on Quality of Life and Overload in families caring for gifted children
- Evaristo Barrera-Algarín
- Rocío Martínez-Fernández
- Ana Vallejo-Andrada
- Teresa Fernández-Reyes
ISSN: 1696-0270, 2340-4973
Year of publication: 2025
Issue: 27
Pages: 1-33
Type: Article
More publications in: Anduli: revista andaluza de ciencias sociales
Abstract
The scientific literature and previous research show that families of gifted children tend to compensate for the deficits in meeting the educational needs of the group, making use of a multitude of resources and extracurricular activities. The objective of this study is to quantify and measure the amount of these curricular activities and their impact on the quality of life of families of gifted children compared to families of non-gifted children. The methodology is a survey experiment involving 160 families in Seville: 80 families with gifted children (experimental group) and 80 families with non-gifted children (control group). The results show that gifted children attend almost twice as many extracurricular activities per week as their non-gifted peers, and the cost to their families is four times higher. This is perceived by mothers of gifted children as detrimental to their quality of life and overburdens their free time, as measured by the GENCAT and ZARIT scales
Bibliographic References
- Agudo, N. (2017). A student with high abilities in my classroom, Now what? Revista Nacional e Internacional de Educación Inclusiva, 10, 265-277.
- Alencar, E. (2008). Social-emotional difficulties of the student with high abilities. Revista de Psicología, 26, 43-62. https://doi.org/10.18800/psico.200801.003
- Alkhawaldeh M.A., Alwaely S.A., Al Sabi Y.N., Abueita S.D., Alomari N., Al Taqatqa F.A.S., Khasawneh M.A.S., Darawsheh S.R., & Al-Shaar A.S.h (2023). Parents’ Role in Gifted Students’ Educational Issues and Development. Information Sciences Letters, 12(3), 1215-1221. https://doi.org/10.18576/isl/120312
- Artiles, C., & Jiménez, J.E. (2005) Identificación e intervención educativa y familiar con el alumnado de altas capacidades intelectuales. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria: Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran.
- Barrera, A., Durán, R., González, J., & Reina, C. (2008). Handbook for students with specific educational support needs due to their high intellectual capacity.Spain: Junta de Andalucía,
- Barrera, L., Sánchez, B., & Carrillo, G. (2013). The burden of caregiving for chronically ill children. Revista Cubana de Enfermería, 29, 39-47.
- Bazán, A., Sánchez, B., & Castañeda, S. (2007). Structural relationship among parents’ support, parent’s educational level, characteristics of the teacher and child’s achievement in reading and writing. Revista Mexicana de Investigación Educativa, 3, 701-729.
- Burke, R., & Greenglass, E. (1999). Work-family conflict, spouse support and nurse-staff wellbeing during organizational restructuring. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 4, 327-336. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.4.4.327
- Busseri, M., Rose-Krasnor, L., Willoughby, T., & Chalmers, H. (2006). A longitudinal examination of breadth and intensity of youth activity involvement and successful development. Developmental Psychology, 42, 1313-1326.10.1037/0012-1649.42.6.1313 https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.42.6.1313
- Callahan, C., & Hertberg-Davis, H. (2012). Fundamentals of gifted education: considering multiple perspectives.Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203848173
- Cano, I. (2002). Students with high intellectual capacities: Intervention proposal. Spain: Universidad internacional de la Rioja.
- Casino-García, A. M., Llinares-Insa, L., Guillén-Martín, V. M., & Ibáñez-García, A. (2024). Giftedness and Family Well-being: The Role of Emotional Intelligence, Perceived Social Support and Stres. Psicothema, 36(3), 277-286. https://doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2023.401
- Codina, N., Pestana, J., Castillo, I., & Balaguer, I. (2016). The girls to study and dance, the boys do sport: A study of the extracurricular activities of teenagers through time budgets. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 16, 233-242.
- Corbalán, J., & Limiñana, R. M. (2010). The genie in a bottle. The CREA test, questions and creativity. Introduction to special theme “The CREA test, creative intelligence”. Annals of Psychology, 26, 197-205. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/analesps
- Cotes, S., & Gómez, M. (2009). Theory of Multiple Intelligences: A Contribution to Higher Education. Academia Libre,7, 29-35.
- Darling, N. (2005). Participation in extracurricular activities and adolescent adjustment: Cross-sectional and longitudinal findings. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 34, 493-505. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-005-7266-8
- Denault, A., & Poulin, F. (2009). Intensity and breadth of participation in organized leisure: What is important to consider when it comes to youth adjustment?. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 38, 1199-1213. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-009-9437-5
- Domingo, J. (1998). Collaboration between families and professionals in the education of students with special educational needs. In Peñafiel, F., Domingo, J. Fernández, J. &Navas, J.(Eds.), How to intervene in Special Education. Case practice resolution (pp. 125-140). Adhara.
- Eccles, J., Barner, B., Stone, M., & Hunt, J. (2003). Extracurricular activities and adolescent development. Journal of Social Issues, 59, 865-890. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.0022-4537.2003.00095.x
- Fernández,M.T. and Sánchez, M.T. (2010). Cómo detectar y evaluar a los alumnos con altas capacidades intelectuales [How to detect and evaluate students with high intellectual abilities]. Madrid: MAD Ediciones.
- Fredericks, J., & Eccles, J. (2006). Is extracurricular activity participation associated with beneficial outcomes? Concurrent and longitudinal relations. Developmental Psychology, 42, 698-713. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.42.4.698
- Gardner. H. (2008). Multiple Intelligences: New Horizons in Theory and Practice. New York: Basics Books.
- Gamboa, M., García, Y., & Beltrán, M. (2013). Pedagogical and didactic strategies for the development of multiple intelligences and autonomous learning. Revista de Investigaciones UNAD, 12, 101-128. https://doi.org/10.22490/25391887.1162
- Golle, J., Schils, T., Borghans, L., & Rose, N. (2023). Who Is Considered Gifted From a Teacher’s Perspective? A Representative Large-Scale Study. Gifted Child Quarterly, 67(1), 64 – 79. https://doi.org/10.1177/00169862221104026
- Hermoso, Y. (2009). Study of the free time occupation of the school population and its participation in extracurricular activities. Spain: Universidad de Málaga.
- Higueras-Rodríguez, L., & Fernández-Gálvez, J. (2017). The role of the family in the education of children with high intellectual capacities. International Journal of Educational Research and Innovation, 7, 149-163.
- INICO (2020). Escala de Calidad de Vida GENCAT. Descarga de la aplicación. https://inico.usal.es/27/instrumentos-evaluacion/escala-de-calidad-de-vida-gencat.aspx
- Kaufman, A.S. & Kaufman, N.L (2004).Use KBIT-2 to measure verbal and nonverbal cognitive ability.Bloomington, MN: Pearson.
- Larivée, S. (2010). Gardner's Multiple Intelligences: Discovery of the Century or Simple Political Righteousness? Revista Mexicana de Investigación en Psicología, 2, 115-126. https://doi.org/10.32870/rmip.vi.483
- Larson, R., Hansen, D., & Moneta, G. (2006). Differing profiles of developmental experiences across types of organized youth activities. Developmental Psychology, 42, 849-863. https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.42.5.849
- Mahoney, J. (2000). School extracurricular activity participation as moderator in the development of antisocial partners. Child Development, 71, 501-516. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00160
- Matthews, M., Jolly, J., Makel, M., Almhawes, A., Daniels, K. & Wojciechowski, J. (2024). Considerations of Academically Talented Students’ Homeschooling Families for Returning to Traditional Schools. Gifted Child Quarterly, 68 (2), 137-153. https://doi.org/10.1177/00169862231222210
- Meroño, L., Calderón, A., & Hastie, P. (2015). Effect of an intervention based on the Sports Education model on psychological variables in federated swimmers. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 15, 35-46. https://doi.org/10.4321/S1578-84232015000200005
- Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport. (2015). Sports Habits Survey 2015.Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte. Retrieved fromhttps://sede.educacion.gob.es/publiventa/d/20497C/19/0
- Muñoz, M., & Ayuso, M. (2014). Multiple Intelligences, Eight Different Ways to Learn?.Escuela Abierta: Revista de Investigación Educativa,17, 103-116. https://doi.org/10.29257/EA17.2014.07
- Pedraza, A., Rodríguez-Martínez, C., & Acuña, R. (2013). Initial validation of a scale to measure the level of overburdening of parents or caregivers of asthmatic children. Biomédica, 33, 361-369.
- Peebles, J.L., Mendaglio, S. & McCowan, M. (2023). The Experience of Parenting Gifted Children: A Thematic Analysis of Interviews With Parents of Elementary-Age Children. Gifted Child Quarterly, 67(1), 18-27. https://doi.org/10.1177/00169862221120418
- Pérez, L. (2006). Alumnado con capacidad superior. Experiencias de intervención educativa. Madrid: Editorial Síntesis.
- Pham, T., & Altman, C. E. (2024). An Analysis of Individual, Parental, and Family Determinants of Gifted Placement among Children of Immigrants – Evidence from the 2014 SIPP Data. Journal of Child and Family Studies. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-024-02802-5
- Ponce de León, A., Sanz, E., & Valdemoros, M. (2015). Family leisure and physical activity in high school students: alliance, rivalry, or independence?.Pedagogía Social. Revista Interuniversitaria, 25, 51-68. https://doi.org/10.7179/PSRI_2015.25.03
- Post, G. (2024). Resilient parents; resilient kids: How parental self-awareness is critical to helping smart kids thrive. Gifted Education International, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1177/02614294241274442
- Raven, J., Raven, J. C., & Court, J. H. (1998). Manual for Raven’s progressive matrices and vocabulary scales. Section 1: General overview.Oxford: Oxford Psychologists Press.
- Renati, R., Bonfiglio, N.S., Mascia, M.L. & Penna, M.P. (2023). Gifted Children through the Eyes of Their Parents:Talents, Social-Emotional Challenges, and Educational Strategies from Preschool through Middle School. Children, 10,(1), https://doi.org/10.3390/children10010042
- Reynolds, R. & Kamphaus, C. (2003). Reynolds intellectual assessment scales and Reynolds intellectual screening test professional manual. Psychological assessment resources.
- Romo, M., Alfonso-Benlliure, V., & Sanchez-Ruiz, M. J. (2016). El test de creatividad infantil (TCI): evaluando la creatividad mediante una tarea de encontrar problemas. Psicología Educativa, 22, 93-101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pse.2016.01.005
- Sánchez, A., & Baena, M. (2017). Identification of the student with high intellectual capacities: responsibility of the teacher or of the department of educational and psychopedagogical orientation?.Aula de Encuentro, 1, 69-91.
- Seguí, J., Ortiz-Tallo, M., & De Diego, Y. (2008). Factors associated with the stress of the primary caregiver of children with autism: Overload, psychopathology and state of health. Anales de Psicología, 24, 100-105. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/analesps
- Sicilia, A. (1998). Extracurricular activity, physical education and cirriculum. In Santos, M. & Sicilia, A. (Ed.), Extracurricular Physical Activities: An Alternative Approach (pp. 19-44). Inde.
- Silva, M.S., Santos, M.J.S. & Barbeiro, L.F. (2024). Once upon a time … creative writing in children referred for a diagnosis of giftedness. Revista Conhecimento Online, 2, 89-103. https://doi.org/10.25112/rco.v2.3854
- Soriano, E. (2008). Social-emotional difficulties of students with high skills. Revista de Psicología, 26, 43-62. https://doi.org/10.18800/psico.200801.003
- Souza, D., Muniz R., & Vilarinho-Pereira, D (2023). Supporting and guiding families of gifted children: The role of a psychoeducational program. Gifted and Talented Internationa, 38 (1),12 – 20. https://doi.org/10.1080/15332276.2023.2238798
- Souza, D., Vilarinho-Pereira, D., & Muniz R (2024). Voices From the Families: Strategies for and Challenges in Raising a Gifted Child. Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 47(2), 162 – 181. https://doi.org/10.1177/01623532241235576
- Sreenidhi, S K, & Helena, T.C. (2017). Multiple intelligence assessment - based on Howard Gardner’s research. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications¸ 7, 213-222.
- Sternberg, R. (2024). Individual, collective, and contextual aspects in the identification of giftedness. Gifted Education International, 40 (1), 3–24. https://doi.org/10.1177/02614294231156986
- Suárez, J., Maiz, F., & Meza, M. (2010). Multiple intelligences: A pedagogical innovation to enhance the process of teaching and learning. Investigación y Postgrado, 25, 81-94.
- Thurstone, L. L., & Yela, M. (2012). Test de percepción de diferencias (caras-r). Madrid: Tea Ediciones.
- Torregrosa, D., Belando, N., & Moreno-Murcia, J. (2014). Prediction of life satisfaction in healthy exercise practitioners. Cuadernos de Psicología del Deporte, 14, 117-122. https://doi.org/10.4321/S1578-84232014000100014
- Varela, L., Varela, L., & Lorenzo, J. (2016). The school and the conciliation of the daily times of the families of the pupils of primary education in Galicia. Bordón Revista de Pedagogía, 68, 179-194.https://doi.org/10.7458/SPP2018879498
- Verdugo, M., Schalock, R., Gomez, L., & Arias, B. (2007). Construction of multidimensional Quality of Life scales centred on context: the GENCAT Scale. Siglo Cero, 38, 57-72.
- Vialle, W. (2017). Supporting giftedness in families: a resources perspective. Journal for the Education of the Gifted, 40(4), 372–393. https://doi.org/10.1177/0162353217734375
- Wechsler, D. (2014). Wechsler intelligence scale for children-fifth edition. Bloomington, MN: Pearson. https://doi.org/10.1037/t79359-000
- World Health Organization (2005). Mental health, facing the challenges, building solutions. Report from de WHO European Ministerial Conference. World Health OrganizationRegional Office for Europe. Retrieved fromhttp://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/96452/E87301.pdf
- Vuyk, A., Montania, M., Barrios, L., & Lobo, M. (2024). Gifted education in Paraguay: analyses from a learning-resource perspective. Cogent Education, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2024.2332863
- World Health Organization(2010). Global recommendations on physical activity for health. World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe: Retrieved fromhttps://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/factsheet_recommendations/en/
- Yildiz, S. & Altay, N. (2024). Gifted children and their peers perceived parental attitudes, psychosocial problems and quality of life. European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 22(2), 353-361. https://doi.org/10.15584/ejcem.2024.2.21
- Yuste,C. (2018). IGF-2r. Manual Técnico: Revisado. Giuntieos: Psychometrics SL.
- Zanetti, M.A., Trombetta, T., Rollè, L., & Marinoni, C. (2024). Family Functioning and Internalizing and Externalizing Problems in Gifted Children. European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education,14 (5), 1171-1181. https://doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe14050077