Managerial positions of women in Spanish exporting SMEs

Referencias bibliográficas

• J.Abor, & C.K.D.Adjasi, (2007). Corporate governance and the small and medium enterprises sector:Theory and implications. Corporate Governance, 7(2), 111–122. doi:10.1108/14720700710756562
• R.B.Adams, J.De Haan, S.Terjesen, & H.van Ees, (2015). Board diversity:Moving the field forward. Corporate Governance:An International Review, 23(2), 77–82. doi:10.1111/corg.12106
• R.B.Adams, & D.Ferreira, (2009). Women in the boardroom and their impact on governance and performance. Journal of Financial Economics, 94, 291–309. doi:10.1016/j.jfineco.2008.10.007
• R.B.Adams, & D.B.Ferreira, (2002). Diversity and incentives in teams:Evidence for corporate boards (Dissertation). Chicago, IL:University of Chicago.
• H.Ahl, (2006). Why research on women entrepreneurs needs new directions. Entrepreneurship:Theory and Practice, 30(5), 595–621. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6520.2006.00138.x
• S.Andersson, J.Gabrielsson, & I.Wictor, (2004). International activities in small firms:Examining factors influencing the internationalization and export growth of small firms. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences, 21(1), 22–34. doi:10.1111/j.1936-4490.2004.tb00320.x
• J.Ang, R.Cole, & J.Lin, (2000). Agency costs and ownership structure. Journal of Finance, 55, 81–106. doi:10.1111/0022-1082.00201
• M.Arellano, & O.Bover, (1995). Another look at the instrumental variable estimation of error-components models. Journal of Econometrics, 68(1), 29–51. doi:10.1016/0304-4076(94)01642-D
• J.L.Arregle, L.Naldi, M.Nordqvist, & M.Hitt, (2012). Internationalization of family-controlled firms:A study of the effects of external involvement in governance. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 36(6), 1115–1143. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6520.2012.00541.x
• B.M.Barber, & T.Odean, (2001). Boys will be boys:Gender, overconfidence, and common stock investment. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 116(1), 261–292. doi:35400060824928.0002
• C.Barroso, M.Villegas, & L.Pérez-Calero, (2011). Board influence on a firm’s internationalization. Corporate Governance:An International Review, 19(4), 351–367. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8683.2011.00859.x
• F.Bellone, P.Musso, L.Nesta, & S.Schiavo, (2010). Financial constraints and firm export behaviour. The World Economy, 33(3), 347–373. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9701.2010.01259.x
• M.Bernini, S.Guillou, & F.Bellone, (2015). Financial leverage and export quality:Evidence from France. Journal of Banking & Finance, 59, 280–296. doi:10.1016/j.jbankfin.2015.06.014
• N.Black, (1989). Social feminism. Ithaca, NY:Cornell University Press.
• A.Bonaccorsi, (1992). On the relationship between firm size and export intensity. Journal of International Business Studies, 23(4), 605–635. doi:10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490280
• C.Boone, W.van Olffen, A.van Witteloostuijn, & B.De Brabander, (2004). The genesis of top management team diversity:Selective turnover among top management teams in Dutch newspaper publishing, 1970–94. Academy of Management Journal, 47, 633–656. doi:10.2307/20159609
• S.A.Brown, & P.Segal, (1989, July–August). Female entrepreneurs in profile. Canadian Banker, p. 32–34.
• O.Brunninge, M.Nordqvist, & J.Wiklund, (2007). Corporate governance and strategic change in SMEs:The effects of ownership, board composition and top management teams. Small Business Economics, 29, 295–308. doi:10.1007/s11187-006-9021-2
• T.Buck, I.Filatotchev, N.Demina, & M.Wright, (2000). Exporting activity in transitional economies:An enterprise-level study. Journal of Development Studies, 37(2), 44–66. doi:10.1080/713600068
• J.L.Calof, (1994). The relationship between firm size and export behavior revisited. Journal of International Business Studies, 25(2), 367–387. doi:10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490205
• M.A.Carpenter, & J.W.Fredrickson, (2001). Top management teams, global strategic posture, and the moderating role of uncertainty. Academy of Management Journal, 44(3), 533–545. doi:10.2307/3069368
• D.Carter, F.D’Souza, B.Simkins, & G.Simpson, (2010). The gender and ethnic diversity of US boards and board committees and firm financial performance. Corporate Governance:An International Review, 18, 396–414. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8683.2010.00809.x
• D.A.Carter, B.J.Simkins, & W.G.Simpson, (2003). Corporate governance, board diversity, and firm value. Financial Review, 38, 33–53. doi:10.1111/1540-6288.00034
• R.Chaganti, (1986). Management in women-owned enterprises. Journal of Small Business Management, 24(4), 18–29.
• M.J.Chen, & D.Miller, (2012). Competitive dynamics:Themes, trends, and a prospective research platform. The Academy of Management Annals, 6(1), 135–210. doi:10.1080/19416520.2012.660762.
• R.Chen, & M.J.Martin, (2001). Foreign expansion of small firms:The impact of domestic alternatives and prior foreign business involvement. Journal of Business Venturing, 16(6), 557–574. doi:10.1016/S0883-9026(99)00058-0
• S.Claessens, S.Djankor, J.P.H.Fan, & L.H.P.Lang, (2002). Disentangling the incentive and entrenchment effects of large shareholdings. The Journal of Finance, 57(6), 2741–2771. doi:10.1111/1540-6261.00511
• P.Collerette, & P.Aubry, (1990). Socio-economic evolution of women business owners in Quebec. Journal of Business Ethics, 9, 417–422. doi:10.1007/BF00380340
• M.J.Conyon, & L.He, (2011). Executive compensation and corporate governance in China. Journal of Corporate Finance, 17(4), 1158–1175. doi:10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2011.04.006
• M.Cowling, (2003). Productivity and corporate governance in smaller firms. Small Business Economics, 20, 235–244. doi:10.1023/A:1022931020438
• T.Cox, (1994). Cultural diversity in organizations:Theory, research, and practice. San Francisco, CA:Berrett-Koehler.
• A.De Miguel, J.Pindado, & C.De la Torre, (2004). Ownership structure and firm value:New evidence from Spain. Strategic Management Journal, 25(12), 1199–1207. doi:10.1002/smj.430
• C.L.Dezsö, & D.G.Ross, (2012). Does female representation in top management improve firm performance? A panel data investigation. Strategic Management Journal, 33(9), 1072–1089. doi:10.1002/smj.1955
• C.Díaz-García, & J.J.Jiménez-Moreno, (2010). Recursos y resultados de las pequeñas empresas:Nuevas perspectivas del efecto género. Cuadernos De Economía Y Dirección De La Empresa, 13(42), 151–175. doi:10.1016/S1138-5758(10)70006-2
• O.Driga, & D.Prior, (2010). Start-up conditions and the performance of women-and men-controlled businesses in manufacturing industries. Spanish Accounting Review, 13(1), 89–123.
• A.Du Rietz, & M.Henrekson, (2000). Testing the female underperformance hypothesis. Small Business Economics, 14(1), 1–10. doi:10.1023/A:1008106215480
• A.H.Eagly, M.C.Johannesen-Schmidt, & M.L.van Engen, (2003). Transformational, transactional, and laissez-faire leadership style:A meta-analysis comparing women andmen. Psychological Bulletin, 129, 569–591. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.129.4.569
• R.W.Fairlie, & A.M.Robb, (2009). Gender differences in business performance:Evidence from the characteristics of business owners survey. Small Business Economics, 33(4), 375–395. doi:10.1007/s11187-009-9207-5
• K.A.Farrell, & P.L.Hersch, (2005). Additions to corporate boards:The effect of gender. Journal of Corporate Finance, 11, 85–106. doi:10.1016%2Fj.jcorpfin.2003.12.001
• Z.Fernández, & M.J.Nieto, (2006). Impact of ownership on the international involvement of SMEs. Journal of International Business Studies, 37, 340–351. doi:10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400196
• E.M.Fischer, A.R.Reuber, & L.S.Dyke, (1993). A theoretical overview and extension of research on sex, gender, and entrepreneurship. Journal of Business Venturing, 8(2), 151–168. doi:10.1016/0883-9026(93)90017-Y
• D.P.Forbes, & F.J.Milliken, (1999). Cognition and corporate governance:Understanding boards of directors as strategic decision-making groups. Academy of Management Review, 24, 489–505. doi:10.5465/AMR.1999.2202133
• C.Francoeur, R.Labelle, & B.Sinclair-Desgagne, (2008). Gender diversity in corporate governance and top management. Journal of Business Ethics, 81, 83–95. doi:10.1007/s10551-007-9482-5
• A.S.Fullerton, (2009). A conceptual framework for ordered logistic regression models. Sociological Methods & Research, 38(2), 306–347. doi:10.1177/0049124109346162
• P.Gabaldon, C.Anca, R.Mateos De Cabo, & R.Gimeno, (2015). Searching for women on boards:An analysis from the supply and demand perspective. Corporate Governance:An International Review. Forthcoming. doi:10.1111/corg.12141
• L.Gartzia, M.Ryan, N.Balluerka, & A.Aritzeta, (2012). Think crisis–think female:Further evidence. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 21(4), 603–628. doi:10.1080/1359432X.2011.591572
• G.George, J.Wiklund, & S.A.Zahra, (2005). Ownership and the internationalization of small firms. Journal of Management, 31(2), 210–233. doi:10.1177/0149206304271760
• L.R.Gomez-Mejia, & L.E.Palich, (1997). Cultural diversity and the performance of multinational firms. Journal of International Business Studies, 28(2), 309–335. doi:10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490103
• L.Gordon, (1976). Woman’s body, woman’s right:Birth control in America. New York:Grossman.
• Grant Thornton. (2015). Woman in business report - 2014. Retrieved from http://femtalent.cat/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/Grant-Thornton-estudio-Mujeres-directivas-2014.pdf
• W.H.Greene, (1990). A gamma-distributed stochastic frontier model. Journal of Econometrics, 46, 141–163. doi:10.1016/0304-4076(90)90052-U
• W.H.Greene, (1995). Limdep, version 7.0, user’s manual. Bellport:Econometric Software.
• D.C.Hambrick, T.S.Cho, & M.Chen, (1996). The influence of top management team heterogeneity on firms’ competitive moves. Administrative Science Quarterly, 41, 659–684. doi:doi/10.2307/2393871
• C.M.Hernandez-Nicolas, J.F.Martín-Ugedo, & A.Mínguez-Vera, (2015). The influence of gender on financial decisions:Evidence from small start-up firms in Spain. E+ M Ekonomie a Management, (4), 93. doi:10.15240/tul/001/2015-4-007
• A.J.Hillman, A.A.Cannella, & R.L.Paetzold, (2000). The resource dependence role of corporate directors:Strategic adaptation of board composition in response to environmental change. Journal of Management Studies, 37(2), 235–256. doi:10.1111/1467-6486.00179
• A.J.Hillman, & J.Dalziel, (2003). Boards of directors and firm performance:Integrating agency and resource dependence perspectives. Academy Management Review, 28(3), 383–396. doi:10.5465/AMR.2003.10196729
• N.A.Jianakoplos, & A.Bernasek, (1998). Are women more risk averse? Economic Inquiry, 36, 620–630. doi:10.1111/ecin.1998.36.issue-4
• G.J.Johnsen, & R.G.P.McMahon, (2005). Owner-manager gender, financial performance and business growth amongst SMEs from Australia’s business longitudinal survey. International Small Business Journal, 23(2), 115–142. doi:10.1177/0266242605050509
• J.L.Johnson, C.M.Daily, & A.E.Ellstrand, (1996). Boards of directors:A review and research agenda. Journal of Management, 22(3), 409–438. doi:10.1177/014920639602200303
• L.F.Klapper, & S.C.Parker, (2011). Gender and the business environment for new firm creation. World Bank Research Observer, 26(2), 237–257. doi:10.1093/wbro/lkp032
• J.L.Krull, & D.P.Mackinnon, (2001). Multilevel modeling of individual and group level mediated effects. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 36(2), 249–277. doi:10.1207/S15327906MBR3602_06
• M.Larraza-Kintana, R.M.Wiseman, L.R.Gomez-Mejia, & T.M.Welbourne, (2007). Disentangling compensation and employment risks using the behavioral agency model. Strategic Management Journal, 28, 1001–1019. doi:10.1002/smj.624
• B.J.Liu, (2011). Why world exports are susceptible to the economic crisis? - The “Export Overshooting” phenomenon. Taiwan Economic Review, 39(4), 425–462. doi:10.3386/w16837
• J.Lu, B.Xu, & X.Liu, (2009). The effects of corporate governance and institutional environments on export behaviour in emerging economies. Management International Review, 49(4), 455–478. doi:10.1007/s11575-009-0004-9
• R.Mano-Negrin, & Z.Sheaffer, (2004). Are women “cooler” than men during crises? Exploring gender differences in perceiving organizational crisis preparedness proneness. Women in Management Review, 19(2), 109–122. doi:10.1108/09649420410525315
• J.F.Martín-Ugedo, & A.Mínguez-Vera, (2014). Firm performance and women on the board:Evidence from Spanish small and medium-sized enterprises. Feminist Economics, 20(3), 136–162. doi:10.1080/13545701.2014.895404
• R.Mateos De Cabo, R.Gimeno, & L.Escot, (2011). Disentangling discrimination on Spanish boards of directors. Corporate Governance:An International Review, 19(1), 77–95. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8683.2010.00837.x
• R.McKelvey, & W.Zavoina, (1975). A statistical model for the analysis of ordinal level dependent variables. The Journal of Mathematical Sociology, 4(1), 103–120. doi:10.1080/0022250X.1975.9989847
• T.Menezes Montenegro, & F.Antunes Bras, (2015). Audit quality:Does gender composition of audit firms matter? Spanish Journal of Finance and Accounting, 44(3), 264–297. doi:10.1080/02102412.2015.1035578
• A.Mínguez-Vera, & R.López-Martínez, (2010). Female director and SMEs. An empirical analysis. Journal of Global Strategic Management, 08, 34–46. doi:10.20460/JGSM.2010415823
• A.Mínguez-Vera, & A.Martin, (2011). Gender and management on Spanish SMEs:An empirical analysis. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 22(14), 2852–2873. doi:10.1080/09585192.2011.599948
• M.S.Mizruchi, & L.B.Stearns, (1994). A longitudinal study of borrowing by large American corporations. Administrative Science Quarterly, 39(1), 118–140. doi:10.2307/2393496.
• R.Morck, D.Wolfenzon, & B.Yeung, (2005). Corporate governance, economic entrenchment, and growth. Journal of Economic Literature, 43(3), 655–720. doi:10.1257/002205105774431252
• D.Naranjo, & F.Hartmann, (2007). Management accounting systems, top management team heterogeneity and strategic change. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 32(7–8), 735–756. doi:10.1016/j.aos.2006.08.003
• S.Nielsen, (2010). Top management team diversity:A review of theories and methodologies. International Journal of Management Reviews, 12(3), 301–316. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2370.2009.00263.x
• S.Nielsen, & M.Huse, (2010). The contribution of women on boards of directors:Going beyond the surface. Corporate Governance:An international Review, 18(2), 136–148. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8683.2010.00784.x
• OECD. (2009). Top Barriers and Drivers to SME Internationalization (Report by the Party on SMEs and Entrepreneurship). Paris:OECD Publishing.
• S.F.Olsen, & H.M.Currie, (1992). Female entrepreneurs:Personal value systems and business strategies in a male dominated industry. Journal of Small Business Management, 30(1), 49–57.
• B.Orser, A.Riding, & J.Townsend, (2004). Exporting as a means of growth for women-owned Canadian SMEs. Journal of Small Business & Entrepreneurship, 17(3), 153–174. doi:10.1080/08276331.2004.10593317
• B.Orser, M.Spence, A.Riding, & C.A.Carrington, (2010). Gender and export propensity. Entrepreneurship:Theory and Practice, 34(5), 933–957. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6520.2009.00347.x
• E.Penrose, (1959). The theory of the growth of the firm. Oxford:Oxford University Press.
• J.L.G.Pernía, A.M.Arrizabalaga, & I.P.Legazkue, (2012). Género y actividad exportadora de los emprendedores en España. Economía Industrial, (383), 95–110.
• J.Pfeffer, & G.R.Salancik, (2003). The external control of organizations:A resource dependence perspective. Stanford, CA:Stanford University Press.
• J.Pindado, I.Requejo, & C.De la Torre, (2011). Family control and investment–cash flow sensitivity:Empirical evidence from the Euro zone. Journal of Corporate Finance, 17(5), 1389–1409. doi:10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2011.07.003
• A.R.Reuber, & E.Fischer, (1997). The influence of the management team’s international experience on the internationalization behaviors of SMEs. Journal of International Business Studies, 28(4), 807–825. doi:10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490120
• A.M.Robb, & J.Watson, (2012). Gender differences in firm performance:Evidence from new ventures in the United States. Journal of Business Venturing, 27(5), 544–558. doi:10.1016%2Fj.jbusvent.2011.10.002
• C.Rose, (2007). Does female board representation influence firm performance? The Danish evidence. Corporate Governance:An International Review, 15(2), 404–413. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8683.2007.00570.x
• M.N.Ruderman, P.J.Ohlott, K.Panzer, & S.N.King, (2002). Benefits of multiple roles for managerial women. Academy of Management Journal, 45, 369–386. doi:10.2307/3069352
• M.K.Ryan, S.A.Haslam, M.D.Hersby, & R.Bongiorno, (2011). Think crisis–think female:The glass cliff and contextual variation in the think manager–think male stereotype. Journal of Applied Psychology, 96(3), 470–484. doi:/10.1037/a0022133
• M.Sabatier, (2015). A women’s boom in the boardroom:Effects on performance? Applied Economics, 47(26), 2717–2727. doi:10.1080/00036846.2015.1008774
• W.G.Sanders, & M.A.Carpenter, (1998). Internationalization and firm governance:The roles of CEO compensation, top team composition, and board structure. Academy of Management Journal, 41(2), 158–178. doi:10.2307/257100
• F.C.Scherr, T.F.Sugrue, & J.B.Ward, (1993). Financing the small firm start-up determinants of debt use. The Journal of Small Business Finance, 3(1), 17–36.
• D.L.Sexton, & N.Bowman-Upton, (1990). Female and male entrepreneurs:Psychological characteristics and their role in gender-related discrimination. Journal of Business Venturing, 5(1), 29–36. doi:10.1016/0883-9026(90)90024-N
• A.Shleifer, & R.Vishny, (1997). A survey of corporate governance. Journal of Finance, 52(2), 737–783. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6261.1997.tb04820.x
• V.Sila, A.Gonzalez, & J.Hagendorff, (2016). Women on board:Does boardroom gender diversity affect firm risk? Journal of Corporate Finance, 36, 26–53. doi:10.1016/j.jcorpfin.2015.10.003
• Spanish High Council of Chamber. (2010). Presencia de mujeres en puestos de responsabilidad y competitividad empresarial. Madrid:Research Department of the Spanish High Council of Chamber.
• Y.Su, D.Xu, & P.H.Phan, (2008). Principal–principal conflict in the governance of the Chinese public corporation. Management and Organization Review, 4(1), 17–38. doi:10.1111/j.1740-8784.2007.00090.x
• L.Tarr-Whelan, (2009). Women lead the way:Your guide to stepping up to leadership and changing the world. San Francisco, CA:Berrett-Koehler Publishers.
• S.Terjesen, R.Sealy, & V.Singh, (2009). Women directors on corporate boards:A review and research agenda. Corporate Governance:An International Review, 17(3), 320–337. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8683.2009.00742.x
• S.Thiruvadi, & H.-W.Hua‐Wei Huang, (2011). Audit committee gender differences and earnings management. Gender in Management:An International Journal, 26(7), 483–498. doi:10.1108/17542411111175469
• N.Van der Walt, & C.Ingley, (2003). Board dynamics and the influence of professional background, gender and ethnic diversity of directors. Corporate Governance:An International Review, 11(3), 218–234. doi:10.1111/1467-8683.00320
• J.Watson, & S.Robinson, (2003). Adjusting for risk in comparing the performances of male- and female-controlled SMEs. Journal of Business Venturing, 18(6), 773–788. doi:10.1016/S0883-9026(02)00128-3
• L.Welch, E.Welch, & L.Hewerdine, (2008). Gender and export behaviour:Evidence from women-owned enterprises. Journal of Business Ethics, 83, 113–126. doi:10.1007/s10551-007-9652-5
• J.A.Wolff, & T.Pett, (2000). Internationalization of small firms:An examination of export competitive patterns, firm size, and export performance. Journal of Small Business Management, 38(2), 34–48. doi:10.1504/IJMDM.2004.005350
• J.A.Woods, T.Dalziel, & S.L.Barton, (2012). Escalation of commitment in private family businesses:The influence of outside board members. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 3(1), 18–27. doi:10.1016/j.jfbs.2012.01.002
• S.A.Zahra, (2003). International expansion of U.S. manufacturing family businesses:The effect of ownership and involvement. Journal of Business Venturing, 18(4), 495–512. doi:10.1016%2FS0883-9026(03)00057-0
• S.A.Zahra, D.Neubaum, & L.Naldi, (2007). The effects of ownership and governance on SMEs’ international knowledge-based resources. Small Business Economics, 29(3), 309–327. doi:10.1007/s11187-006-9025-y
• M.A.Zimmerman, & K.D.Brouthers, (2012). Gender heterogeneity, entrepreneurial orientation and international diversification. International Journal of Gender and Entrepreneurship, 4(1), 20–43. doi:10.1108/17566261211202963