Cien años de promoción de la Seguridad Social. El papel de la OIT en la creación, expansión, perfeccionamiento y adaptación de los sistemas de protección social

Abstract

Since the beginning, in 1919, and due to the commitments assumed in the founding texts, the ILO has dedicated a significant part of its activity to social protection. As result of this dedication, there have been about thirty Conventions and a similar number of Recommendations. Of these texts, a total of eight can be highlighted that can be considered as those that make up the basic normative framework of the ILO in the field of Social Security, essentially in the area of contributory benefits, among them Convention 102 (1952) or norm minimum, completed by seven other monographic and development Conventions dedicated to specific benefits (for occupational risks, temporary illness, disability, old age and survival, unemployment and maternity) as well as those focused, in relation to migrant workers, on the guarantee of equal treatment and the conservation of rights. After the normative period of the ILO, which has covered almost eighty years, a change can be seen due to the enormous transformation of economic and social circumstances that has affected work and social needs, in the goals and priorities as well as in the instruments of intervention, emphasizing among the former the eradication of poverty through the establishment of the right to the security of a basic income as well as, among the latter, the adoption of agreements or the establishment of positions by means of formulas that are not legally binding but have a huge impact on the determination of ends and orientation, through dialogue and consensus, of lines of development to be followed by national social protection systems.