Variaciones de la dietética deportiva según el tipo de entrenamiento

Abstract

The need arises to accompany the various forms of sports training with a suitable energetic contribution through food. The importance of sports training as the best way to improve physical perfomance in general, is insisted upon. Diets for high perfomance athletes to train are analysed, with 4,500 caloríes/day, including 60% glucides, 22% lipids and 18% protides, as a balanced diet. For rich in vitamins is recommended, especially groups B and C, food rich in minerals, plus the important factor of water to replace losses during long physical exercise, through solutions of 7% glucose and electrolytes. A modif¡catión in the diet distribution is recommended of calories/day: 1,000 breakfast, 1,600 lunch and 2,000 dinner. The need to increase the glucide and próteic compositíon of dinner of the evening previous to the training session is underlined, according to whether long period strength sessions (resistance perfomance) or muscular power development sessions (strength training) are to be carried out. Finally the probiem of weigth control Is revised on the basls of modifying body composition through sports training, achieving a decrease in the percentatge of fat and increase in the muscular weight in order to reach what is known as fitness weight. It is recommended to give sportsmen specialized diets which allow good eating habits, both for hygiene and sports.