World hegemony in questionthe complexities & contradictions of China’s ‘passive revolution’ in its global context

  1. Jonathan Pass 1
  1. 1 Universidad Pablo de Olavide
    info

    Universidad Pablo de Olavide

    Sevilla, España

    ROR https://ror.org/02z749649

Revista:
Revista electrónica de estudios internacionales (REEI)

ISSN: 1697-5197

Año de publicación: 2019

Número: 38

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.17103/REEI.38.10 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Otras publicaciones en: Revista electrónica de estudios internacionales (REEI)

Resumen

El auge meteórico sin precedentes de China ha cambiado de forma espectacular la estructura y funcionamiento del orden global, provocando un debate sobre si se convertirá en el ‘hegemon mundial’. La perspectiva Neo neogramsciana aquí presentada comprende la hegemonía como una relación de poder entre complejos estado-sociedad, cada uno determinado por las fuerzas sociales emergentes de la configuración particular de sus clases sociales. Para poder disfrutar de la hegemonía mundial un complejo estado-sociedad, entre otras cosas, tiene que ejercer la hegemonía político-cultural sobre sus homólogos subordinados, manifestada en el liderazgo intelectual y moral, lo que le permite rehacer el mundo ‘en su propia imagen’. Con el fin de evaluar las ‘credenciales hegemónicas’ de China (y la clase de orden mundial resultante) según este criterio, este estudio examina el carácter cambiante y contradictorio de la reestructuración social ‘de arriba abajo’ – una revolución pasiva – que el país lleva experimentando desde hace tiempo en el contexto de un sistema capitalista global variable. La China contemporánea se encuentra en una encrucijada, su modelo de crecimiento “inestable, desequilibrado y descoordinado” y su sociedad lejos de ser “armoniosa”. Con el Cesarismo autoritario como telón de fondo, sostenemos que ha emergido un proyecto hegemónico naciente bajo el mandato de Xi Jinping, que pretende no solamente llevar a cabo una reforma social doméstica profunda, sino extender la hegemonía china internacionalmente, tal y como hemos presenciado durante los últimos años. Concluimos que por ahora la hegemonía mundial china parece poco probable, entre otras razones porque su modelo social actual no inspira la imitación en el exterior, un requisito clave para el liderazgo intelectual y moral.

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Fuente de los datos: Dialnet