Estrategias de resiliencia frente a las Violencias Machistas. Empoderamiento económico, educación y otras estrategias

Abstract

Violence against women is a global problem that prevents reaching gender equality. Indigenous women suffer these violence, crossed with others due to their ethnicity, religion or socio-cultural level. Faced with them, they create resilience strategies that have been made invisible and must be put into value. The present communication addresses part of the results of a research project whose objectives are to identify the barriers still existing in the institutional process in the face of the Machos Violence, picking up the role played by ethnic, cultural or religious differences and the resilience strategies of the indigenous women in front of the Violence with the objective of recovering what Spivak (1992) calls the subaltern voices. But for the achievement of the objectives a qualitative research is carried out in the context of Kenya through in-depth interviews with indigenous women participating in a fair trade NGO and semi-structured interviews with key agents to analyze economic empowerment and of these women, as well as the institutional response to the Machos Violence. Based on an analysis of current legislation and national and international indicators that show abysmal violence data, such as that 39% of married women report having suffered physical violence by their partners (The National Bureau of Statistics, 2015). One of the conclusions offered by this research is that cultural and religious norms often occupy a hierarchical place superior to legal norms and this limits the possibilities of resorting to the institutional process, added to the institutional violence and the economic barriers to access a real justice. Similarly, with respect to economic empowerment, a change in the mentality of women is detected when not only economic independence is provided, but a real possibility of social empowerment.