Bilateral asymmetries and sex differences in the kinematics of running gait cycle of a group of Andalusian recreational runners.

  1. Rojano Ortega, Daniel
  2. Berral Aguilar, Antonio Jesús
  3. Berral de la Rosa, Francisco José
Revista:
Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación

ISSN: 1579-1726 1988-2041

Año de publicación: 2021

Número: 41

Páginas: 512-518

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.47197/RETOS.V0I41.85934 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Otras publicaciones en: Retos: nuevas tendencias en educación física, deporte y recreación

Resumen

Un ciclo de carrera comienza cuando un pie contacta con el suelo y termina cuando el mismo pie contacta con el suelo de forma consecutiva. En un ciclo de carrera cada extremidad inferior tiene una fase de apoyo y una fase de vuelo. Durante la fase de apoyo la pronación de la articulación subastragalina es uno de los mecanismos para absorber las fuerzas de impacto. Sin embargo, una excesiva pronación puede predisponer a lesiones por sobreuso de la extremidad inferior. Son necesarias investigaciones adicionales sobre las diferencias por sexos y las asimetrías en las diferentes fases del ciclo de carrera, así como en los movimientos de la articulación subastragalina. Por tanto, el propósito del presente estudio fue determinar las asimetrías, las diferencias por sexos y la máxima pronación en un ciclo de carrera de corredores recreativos. 20 corredores recreativos de entre 20 y 28 años (10 hombres y 10 mujeres) fueron grabados corriendo en tapiz rodante entre 11 km/h y 12 km/h con una cámara de alta velocidad a 300 Hz. No existieron asimetrías en el ciclo de carrera pues no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre la pierna dominante y la no dominante en ninguna variable. La máxima pronación fue más tardía en mujeres que en hombres (36.92 ± 5.79% vs 26.37 ± 5.12%, p < .01), lo que puede estar relacionado con la mayor prevalencia de ciertas lesiones de la extremidad inferior en mujeres. Los resultados obtenidos en este estudio pueden servir de referencia para futuras investigaciones.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Aguado, X. (1997). Biomecánica fuera y dentro del laboratorio. León: Universidad de León. Secretariado de Publicaciones, D.L.
  • Aminaka, N., Arthur, H., Porcari, J.P., Foster, C., Cress, M., & Hahn, C. (2018). No immediate effects of highly cushioned shoes on basic running biomechanics. Kinesiology, 50(1), 124–130. https://doi.org/10.26582/k.50.1.10
  • Ariza-Viviescas, A., Niño-Pinzón, D,M., Dutra-de-Souza, H.G., Esteban-Moreno, J.D., Benítez-Medina, D., Sánchez-Delgado, J.C. (2021). Sprint pattern analysis of professional female soccer players on artificial and natural turf. Retos, 39, 483-487. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i39.77752
  • Becker, J., James, S., Wayner, R., Osternig, L., & Chou, L. (2017). Biomechanical factors associated with Achilles tendinopathy and medial tibial stress syndrome in runners. American Journal of Sports Medicine, 45, 2614–2621. https://doi.org/10.1177/0363546517708193
  • Cámara, J. (2011). Análisis de la marcha : sus fases y variables espacio-temporales. Entramado, 13, 160-173.
  • Carpes, F.P., Mota, C.B., & Faria, I.E. (2010). On the bilateral asymmetry during running and cycling e A review considering leg preference. Physical Therapy in Sport, 11, 136–142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2010.06.005
  • Cohen J. (1988). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. Second Edition. Hillsdate, NJ: LEA.
  • Chumanov, E.S., Wall-Scheffler, C., & Heiderscheit, B.C. (2008). Gender differences in walking and running on level and inclined surfaces. Clinical Biomechanics, 23, 1260–1268. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2008.07.011
  • Deflandre, D., Schwartz, C., Weerts, J.P., Croisier, J.L., & Bury, T. (2016). A Comparison of 3D Methods for Identifying the Stance Phase in Treadmill Running for Both Rearfoot and Forefoot Runners. Journal of Sports Science, 4, 124–131.
  • https://doi.org/10.17265/2332-7839/2016.03.002
  • De Wit, B., De Clercq, D., & Aerts, P. (2000). Biomechanical analysis of the stance phase during barefoot and shod running. Journal of Biomechanics, 33, 269–278.
  • https://doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9290(99)00192-x
  • Donoghue, O.A., Harrison, A.J., Laxton, P., & Jones, R.K. (2008). Lower limb kinematics of subjects with chronic Achilles tendon injury during running. Research in Sports Medicine, 16, 23–38. https://doi.org/10.1080/15438620701693231
  • Fernández-López, I., Rojano-Ortega, D. (2020). Biomechanical Factors Related to Running Injuries: A Review and Practical Recommendations. Strength and Conditioning Journal, 42 (1), 24–38.
  • https://doi.org/10.1519/SSC.0000000000000497
  • Fellin, R.E., Manal, K., & Davis, I.S. (2010). Comparison of lower extremity kinematic curves during overground and treadmill running. Journal of Applied Biomechanics, 26, 407–414. https://doi.org/10.1123/jab.26.4.407
  • Ferber, R., McKlay-Davis, I., Williams III, D.S. (2003).Gender differences in lower extremity mechanics during running. Clinical Biomechanics 18 (2003) 350–357. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0268-0033(03)00025-1
  • Ferber, R., Sheerin, K., & Kendall, K.D. (2009). Measurement error of rearfoot kinematics during running between a 100Hz and 30Hz camera. International SportMed Journal, 10 (3), 152–162.
  • Francis, P., Whatman, C., Sheerin, K., Hume, P., & Johnson, M. (2018). The Proportion of Lower Limb Running Injuries by Gender, Anatomical Location and Specific Pathology: A Systematic Review. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 18, 21–31.
  • Fucci, S., Benigni, M., & Formasari, V. Biomecánica del Aparato Locomotor Aplicada al Acondicionamiento Muscular. Madrid: Elsevier España, S.A.; 2003.
  • Fukano, M., Fukubayashi, T. & Banks, S.A. (2018). Sex differences in three-dimensional talocrural and subtalar joint kinematics during stance phase in healthy young adults. Human Movement Science, 61, 117–125. https://doi.org/-10.1016/j.humov.2018.06.003
  • Gilgen-Ammann, R., Taube, W., & Wyss, T. (2017). Gait Asymmetry During 400- to 1000-m High-Intensity Track Running in Relation to Injury History. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 12, S2157–160. https://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2016-0379
  • Haugen, T., Danielsen, J., McGhie, D., Sandbakk, Ø, & Ettema, G. (2018). Kinematic stride cycle asymmetry is not associated with sprint performance and injury prevalence in athletic sprinters. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 28, 1001–1008. https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/sms.12953
  • Hreljac A. Impact and overuse injuries in runners. (2004). Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 36, 845–849. https://doi.org/10.1249/01.mss.0000126803.66636.dd
  • Jiménez, R. (2004). Estudio articular del miembro inferior durante el ciclo de la marcha. El Peu, 24, 211–216.
  • Kapandji, A.I. (2004). Fisiología Articular, Miembro Inferior. Madrid: Editorial Médica Panamericana, S.A..
  • Kharb, A., Saini, V., Jain, Y.K., & Dhiman, S. (2011). A review of gait cycle and its parameters. International Journal of Computational Engineering & Management, 13, 78–83.
  • Kozinc, Z., & Šarabon, N. (2017). Common Running Overuse Injuries and Prevention. Montenegrin Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 6 (2): 67–74.
  • https://doi.org/10.26773/mjssm.2017.09.009
  • Lohman, E.B. 3rd, Balan Sackiriyas, K.S., & Swen, R.W. (2011). A comparison of the spatiotemporal parameters, kinematics, and biomechanics between shod, unshod, and minimally supported running as compared to walking. Physical Therapy in Sport, 12, 151–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2011.09.004
  • López-Gómez, B., Pérez-Mendoza, D.A., Guzmán-Revelo, J.S., Rangel-Caballero, L.G., Corzo-Vargas, Y., Facioli, T., Angarita-Fonseca, T., Sánchez- Delgado, J.C. (2020). Análisis del patrón de carrera sobre superficie artificial y natural en futbolistas adolescentes. Retos, 38, 109-113. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v38i38.72337
  • Milner, C.E., Hamill, J., & Davis, I.S. (2010). Distinct hip and rearfoot kinematics in female runners with a history of tibial stress fracture. Journal of Orthopaedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 40(2), 59–66. https://doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2010.3024
  • Munteanu, S.E., & Barton, C.J. (2011). Lower limb biomechanics during running in individuals with achilles tendinopathy: a systematic review. Journal of Foot and Ankle Research, 4, 15. https://doi.org/10.1186/1757-1146-4-15
  • Muñoz, M., García, F., Soto, V.M., & Latorre, P.A. (2018). Can running kinetics be modified using a barefoot training program? Apunts, Medicina de L’Esport, 53(199), 98–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apunts.2017.11.004
  • Nakayama, Y., Kudo, K, & Ohtsuki, T. (2010). Variability and fluctuation in running gait cycle of trained runners and non-runners. Gait & Posture, 31, 331–335. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2009.12.003
  • Nicola, T.L., & Jewison, D.J. (2012). The Anatomy and Biomechanics of Running. Clinics in Sports Medicine, 31, 187–201. https://doi.org/10.1111/10.1016/-j.csm.2011.10.001
  • Nilsson, J., & Thorstensson, A. (1989). Ground reaction forces at different speeds of human walking and running. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica, 136, 217–227. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-1716.1989.tb08655.x
  • Novacheck, T.F. (1998). The Biomechanics of Running. Gait & Posture, 7, 77–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0966-6362(97)00038-6
  • Perry, S.D., & Lafortune, M.A. (1995). Influences of inversion/eversion of the foot upon impact loading during locomotion. Clinical Biomechanics, 10, 253–257. https://doi.org/10.1016/0268-0033(95)00006-7
  • Riley, P.O., Dicharry, J., Franz, J., Della Croce, U., Wilder, R.P., & Kerrigan, D.C. (2008). A kinematics and kinetic comparison of overground and treadmill running. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 40, 1093–1100. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181677530.
  • Rodal, F., García, J.L., Arufe, V. (2013). Factores de riesgo de lesion en atletas. Retos. Nuevas tendencias en Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación, 23, 70-74. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i23.34571
  • Rubinstein, M., Eliakim, A., Steinberg, N., Nemet, D., Ayalon, M., Zeev, A., …, & Brosh, T. (2017). Biomechanical characteristics of overweight and obese children during five different walking and running velocities. Footwear Science, 9(3), 149–159. https://doi.org/10.1080/19424280.2017.1363821
  • Sakaguchi, M., Ogawa, H., Shimizu, N., Kanehisa, H., Yanai, T., & Kawakami, Y. (2014). Gender differences in hip and ankle joint kinematics on knee abduction during running. European Journal of Sport Science, 14(S1), S302–309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2012.693953
  • Sinclair, J., & Taylor, P. (2014). Sex differences in tibiocalcaneal kinematics. Human Movement, 15 (2), 105–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/humo-2014-0010
  • Sinclair, J., Richards, J., Taylor, P.J., Edmunson, C.J., Brooks, D., & Hobbs, S.J. (2013). Three-dimensional kinematic comparison of treadmill and overground running. Sports Biomechanics, 12(3), 272–282. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/-14763141.2012.759614
  • Smith, L., & Hanley, B. (2013) Comparisons between Swing Phase Characteristics of Race Walkers and Distance Runners. International Journal of Exercise Science, 6(4), 269–277.
  • Takabayashi, T., Edama, M., Nakamura, M., Nakamura, E., Inai, T., & Kubo, M. (2017). Gender differences associated with rearfoot, midfoot, and forefoot kinematics during running. European Journal of Sport Science, 17 (10), 1289–1296. https://doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2017.1382578
  • Taunton, J.E., Ryan, M.B., Clement, D.B., McKenzie, D.C., Lloyd-Smith, D.R., & Zumbo, B.D. (2002). A retrospective case-control analysis of 2002 running injuries. British Journal of Sports Medicine, 36, 95–101. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.36.2.95