Motivación y estado de flow en futbolistas de iniciación deportiva

Abstract

The main objectives of this Doctoral Thesis are: to evaluate the fluctuations of the dimensions of the flow state (FS) in young players between training moment (baseline) and moment of competition, depending on their playing position, to find relationships of the dimensions of FS with the physical characteristics and academic performance, analyze the motivation of soccer players of developmental age in two different contexts (training moment [basal] and the precompetitive moment) according to the category, the sporting success and the position of game, find relationships of the dimensions of motivation with academic performance and physical characteristics of the players, and finally check the relationship between the dimensions of motivation and the EF in young players of developmental age, in two different contexts (training context [basal] and the precompetitive context. Participating in the study were 141 male subjects of sub-16 category, between 14 and 16 years of age (M 14.73, DT 0.5) who take part weekly in official football competition. As inclusion criteria for the selection of the sample, it has been taken into account that the players must be between 14 and 16 years old, and all must belong to the male gender in order to avoid poor results in the homogeneity of the sample. , not suffer any pathology that could alter the results in the psychosocial field and have not been subject to serious physical injuries in the last 6 months. To evaluate the FS of the players, we used the Spanish version of the Flow State Scale of Jackson & Marsh (1996), translated and validated by García-Calvo, Jiménez-Castuera, Santos-Rosa, Reina-Vaíllo & Cervelló-Gimeno (2008). In order to assess the motivation of the players, we use the Spanish version of the Sport Motivation Scale (SMS) (Pelletier et al., 1995, Balaguer, Castillo & Duda, 2007). In addition, an ad-hoc questionnaire with socio-demographic and body-type variables relative to the soccer player was devised, to be completed in a dichotomous or free manner depending on the case (weight, height, age, playing position, team, years taken by federation [experience] , hours of training (TR), previous injuries, and presence of family members in matches). The independent variable of game position has been unified in 4 positions, following a modification of the initial classification of Cárdenas-Fernández, Chinchilla-Minguet & Castillo-Rodríguez (2017): goalkeepers, defenders, midfielders and forwards