Servicios Sociales y apoyo a las familiasun análisis a partir de la experiencia de los Equipos de Tratamiento Familiar en la provincia de Huelva

Abstract

This doctoral thesis has been funded by the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport of the Government of Spain through a Grant for the Training of University Teachers (FPU15/03909) in the ANEP Scientific Area of Social Sciences. Family intervention and support is one of the main areas of activity in Social Services. Families with minors at risk or unprotected constitute an object of intervention that requires a preventive, specific and treatment perspective. This process is carried out by professionals from the psychological, social and educational areas who, in an interdisciplinary way, create, manage and systematically evaluate a family intervention project with a scientific, unique and dynamic character. Their work revolves around two lines of action: cases at risk or lack of protection and those requiring family reunification. The aim of this doctoral thesis is to study the family support service provided by the Public Social Services System from the perspective of the Family Treatment Teams in Huelva and their families, both of which are part of the Andalusian Regional Government's Programme for the Treatment of Families with Minors at risk or unprotected. For this purpose, objectives are established aimed at the analysis of the characteristics of the cases, the interpretation of the family genograms and the exploration of the professional discourses. Based on the discourses, a map of proposals is designed for strategic decision making to boost the efficiency and effectiveness of the Programme. In the methodology employed, qualitative and co-occurrence network analyses were carried out. Two projects were set up for the qualitative analyses. The first with 26 interdisciplinary reports and the second with 26 interviews with professionals. Subsequently, genograms have been made by means of the Genopro software, exploring the 75 individual reports. Finally, action strategies for service improvement were established by means of causal network analysis. Firstly, the results revolve around the structural and functional characterisation of the families. Within the functional aspect, transgenerational dynamics are distinguished, including the family life cycle, the repetition of patterns across generations, and life events and family functioning. Here, relationships and interactions are also found, forming results on bonding patterns and triads. Secondly, the results of the genograms deal with teams and family dimensions related to their structure and function in a more detailed and precise way. Thirdly, the results of the professional discourses are presented in four groups of data: professional experience, technical intervention, family profiles attended and perception of the elements of improvement of the service. Within their experience as professionals, results have been obtained on temporality and type of activity. In relation to their technical intervention, results have been generated on the functions and tasks they carry out individually, interdisciplinary and in coordination with other agents, as well as the perception of the aspects that appear in their work, commenting on what methods of coping they generate in the face of difficulties and what needs they detect. The results on their perceptions of families show results on their descriptor parameters, needs detected, problems and bonding patterns. Regarding the improvement of the treatment service, proposals have been achieved that have to do with their functions and tasks. Finally, results were obtained on centrality, generating indexes of rank, proximity and degree of intermediation that direct us towards the position on which to influence in order to obtain changes in the system.