Pasado, presente y futuro de los bosques de montaña (II)Respuesta del crecimiento radial frente al cambio climático
- Álvaro Rubio-Cuadrado 1
- Jesús Julio Camarero 2
- Gabriel Sangüesa-Barreda 3
- Miren del Río 4
- Ricardo Ruiz-Peinado 4
- Andrés Bravo-Oviedo 5
- Luis Gil 1
- Fernando Montes 4
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1
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid
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- 2 Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE-CSIC)
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3
Universidad de Valladolid
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- 4 INIA
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5
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
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- Amengual Ramis, Josep (coord.)
Publisher: Organismo Autónomo Parques Nacionales
ISBN: 978-84-8014-924-2
Year of publication: 2019
Pages: 173-192
Type: Book chapter
Abstract
The southern limit of distribution of many forest species is found in the mountain ecosystems of the IberianPeninsula. These populations may be among the most sensitive to climate change and disturbances. Weinvestigated the influence of climate on the growth of these populations in order to understand their adaptation to the climate and identify the management measures necessary to maximize their resilience to climatechange. Different forests of 7 tree species were selected, all located near their respective southern distributionlimits within four mountain National Parks: Picos de Europa, where a mixed forest of beech (Fagus sylvatica), sessile oak (Quercus petraea) and birch (Betula pubescens) was sampled; Sierra Nevada, where differentforests of planted Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and natural Scots pine and rebollo oak (Quercus pyrenaica)were sampled; Sierra de Guadarrama, where planted Scots pine was sampled; and Aigüestortes and Estanyde Sant Maurici where ecotones of fir (Abies alba) and mountain pine (Pinus uncinata) were sampled. Twocores were extracted from each sampled tree using a Pressler increment borer and the growths were measured to determine their trends over time, obtain climate-growth relationships and reconstruct releases andcompetition dynamics. Our results show that populations which are less sensitive to rising temperatures anddroughts are benefiting from climate change. In Picos de Europa, the competitive capacity of beech is decreasing in comparison to oak. In Sierra Nevada, the growth of planted pine at lower altitudes is decreasingin contrast to that of natural pine and rebollo oak. In Aigüestortes the growth of spruce has been increasingsince the 80s while the growth of mountain pine has remained constant.