Evolución de la industria vitivinícola de la zona D.O.P. Montilla-Morilesdesarrollo de un sistema de información geográfico a partir del análisis histórico, técnico y formal de sus instalaciones

Résumé

Currently, most of the wine production in the Protected Designation of Origin Montilla-Moriles is carried out by wine cooperatives as opposed to private wineries. However, these facilities for winemaking have not aroused the interest of study, so far, about its architecture and construction, as have been the traditional wineries and wineries in the area with numerous works on its origin and evolution. This Doctoral Thesis studies the evolution of the wine industry in the Protected Designation of Origin Montilla-Moriles through the historical, technical and formal analysis of its facilities. Particular attention will be paid to the winemaking facilities built in the 1960s and 1970s during the Franco regime: the wine cooperatives. For this purpose, the first associations of producers in the area will be analyzed, as well as the political movements and their main actors, knowing the historical and social context in which these constructions were developed. In addition, due to its importance, the legislative framework and the organizational system in which these cooperative societies were created will be addressed. Throughout this research, the industrial projects of the wine cooperatives in the Montilla-Moriles area carried out by the agronomists during this period will be analyzed in depth. Likewise, the aesthetic and constructive currents of the time will be observed and studied, among which parallels will be established, in addition to analyzing the different architectures of wine in the Spanish territory. The results obtained have made it possible to distinguish a characteristic type of architecture for this period, differentiating two styles: historicist and rationalist. The former was influenced by the traditional architecture of the area and the latter by the new aesthetic standards of the new constructions in the period studied. In this way, the analysis of the creation, development and evolution of the wine cooperatives has made it possible to establish a sequence of the industrialization process in winemaking through the machinery used and to understand the use of the space used in each activity. The final objective of this Doctoral Thesis is the need to transfer the knowledge generated through the proposal of a Geographic Information System. For this purpose, the methodology for its development has been presented, grouping the results of this research through a free viewer for the non-specialized public. This program will allow the understanding and interpretation of the data from a multidisciplinary perspective that combines history, architecture and engineering. In the study of winemaking facilities, the attributes and heritage values that imply the sustainability and uniqueness of the territory and landscape of the Montilla-Moriles Denomination of Origin will be addressed. In this way, the aim is to enhance the value of these buildings, which reached their peak in the 1960s and 1970s, and which constitute a living testimony of the social, productive and economic context in which they were created. The aim, therefore, is to contribute to the conservation and preservation of these buildings due to their historical connection and the process of modernization of the wine industry, without which the current situation of wine production in the Montilla-Moriles Protected Designation of Origin cannot be understood.