Gestión de proyectos de regeneración integrada de barriadas residenciales obsoletasdesde el enfoque transdisciplinar y a través de la metodología PMBOK

Resumen

Urban obsolescence is one of the most novel challenges facing contemporary public administrations. To the industrial obsolescence, triggered by the oil crisis in the 1970s, the obsolescence of residential neighborhoods built in the second half of the 20th century has been added in recent years. This obsolescence and the demand for regeneration processes that stop it, represents a first level issue in the field of urban research. The research preceding this doctoral thesis: "Intervention in obsolete residential neighborhoods: Manual of best practices" (I+D+i Project, 2012-2014 G-GI3001 / IDIH), conceptualizes good practices that can be recommended generally for intervention in these neighborhoods, related to urban, architectural, environmental and energy efficiency and management. In the present research, we work to develop a methodological basis for the management of intervention projects in obsolete residential neighborhoods, based on what is said in the discipline of Project Management. The denominated Project Management is a scope of knowledge that establishes methodologies and processes that favor the success in the attainment of the objectives of a project. These instructions, tools and resources are transferable to the case of obsolete neighborhoods, and their knowledge and application are recommended for intervention projects in neighborhoods. Based on the project management manuals PMBOK and PRINCE2, we can establish recommendations adapted to intervention projects in neighborhoods through the best practices established in the document Intervention in obsolete residential neighborhoods: Manual of best practices. This union builds a project management infrastructure and a methodology for ordering the best practices collected. The characteristic complexity of these, and other projects, is one of the concerns of the Project Management discipline to which professionals refer alongside academic figures and researchers of the discipline. This work presents tools for approach based on recommendations of the discipline through a project life cycle design and addresses the treatment of complexity and uncertainty from the transdisciplinary approach proposed by authors such as Max-Neef, Nicolescu or Morín. From the methodology of Transdisciplina can establish goals and tools of project consistent with the planetary limits and the ethics and values that our society wants to project towards the future. The methodology used contrasts the guidelines of PMBOK and PRINCE2, with the vision provided by the research Intervention in obsolete residential neighborhoods: Manual of best practices, establishing a basis on which to base the design and management of the intervention projects in residential neighborhoods. Thus, we begin by commenting on the research topic and the state of the issue, with special attention to research and innovation projects (chapter 1). We continue with the analysis of the PMBOK Guide and the contributions that can be completed in the case of obsolete residential neighborhoods (chapter 2). We turn to the transdisciplinary approach and its contributions with respect to complexity and adaptation to a soft reality (chapter 3). After that, we propose a management infrastructure based on Project Management and adaptation to the case of obsolete residential neighborhoods (chapter 4). In chapter 5, we will develop the PMBOK methodology, process by process, as recommended in the good practices of intervention collected, exemplifying processes of greater specific weight. In the final chapter, we review the possible future of this research and of the objective it pursues, to establish the basis of an adaptive systemization of the intervention in obsolete residential neighborhoods, that allows to give viability and to contribute value to the projects and to favor the equality of opportunity of the population that inhabits it and citizenship.