Análisis del juego en balonmano femeninoorientaciones para los técnicos de alto nivel

Résumé

This study aimed to i) to analyze the performance at elite female handball during situations of players inequality due to exclusions; ii) to study the impact of the change of the Rules of the Game 2016 on the performance during exclusions. All exclusions sanctioned (n=965) during all matches (n=128) from four female handball tournaments in Panamerica, Europe and Olympic Games (2015-2018) were studied using an observational methodology. Teams´ offensive performance variables were analyzed via chi square, classification tree, nominal regression test and correspondence analysis. Superiority, playing inferiority with Goalkeeper at goal (GK at goal), or Empty Net (EN) were the numerical contexts of players on the court studied. A total of 3,476 finalizations of attack were recorded. Results showed critical moments for exclusions to be sanctioned at mid-time of first half and second half. Teams tended to use 1st, 2nd, and 3er waves; to end with shots and to use a 3:3 (2 pivots) offensive system when playing during superiority. Teams performing inferiority played empty net in 35% of their ball possessions at 2016 and up to 61,7% at Euro 2018. Low ranked teams used this strategy the most. However, teams showed a tendency to receive counterattacks after finalizing their attacks. It can be concluded that teams showed a tendency of increasing the use of playing with EN during inferiority contexts and using fast transitions during superiority. Coaches may train EN with focused on reducing turnovers and superiorities with 1st, 2nd and 3rd waves.