El papel de la evaluación ambiental en la transición energéticala construcción social del territorio

Abstract

The Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations make fossil energies co‐responsible for climate change as the dumping ground for 60% of all global greenhouse gas emissions, which makes clean energy an existential challenge facing humanity. The relevance of the political, technological, social and territorial dimension of the energy transition and its effects on the commitments made in the fight against global warming are of concern to the European Union. The European Green Pact, as a growth strategy to achieve climate neutrality, seeks to meet this challenge by strengthening new forms of energy generation based on renewable resources to mitigatethe causes and effects of global warming. This chapter points out the main actions in the European energy transition agenda, analyzing the main legislative milestones and their integration with Spanish regulations. In particular, it focuses on the environmental assessment tool, defending its importance as a first step to improve citizen participation in the construction of the territory, where society could participate –albeit with difficulties– in the decision making process of these projects. The social construction of the territory is the way to improve public acceptance and the search for energydecentralization scenarios.