Technological structure and configuration of the use of technology in European sports organizations

  1. Magaz, Ana Maria 1
  2. Gallardo, Leonor 1
  3. Marin-Farrona, Maria 1
  4. Sánchez-Sánchez, Javier 2
  5. Lorenzo, Antonio 1
  6. López, Jorge 2
  7. Duclos-Bastías, Daniel 4
  8. Garcia-Unanue, Jorge 1
  1. 1 IGOID Research Group, Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha
  2. 2 Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid
  3. 3 Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid
  4. 4 1 IGOID Research Group, Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha; 2 School of Physical Education, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso
Mostrar afiliaciones +
Revista:
Cultura, ciencia y deporte

ISSN: 1696-5043

Año de publicación: 2024

Volumen: 19

Número: 60

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.12800/CCD.V19I60.2145 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Otras publicaciones en: Cultura, ciencia y deporte

Resumen

The sports industry faces the challenge of digital transformation. However, the degree of digitalization andtechnological transformation of this industry is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the perception of the use of digital technology, digital competences in European sports organizations and to understand their technological structure. Based on approaches from economic, organizational and management theory, a questionnaire was designed and administered to a sample of 569 managers of organizations from different sports modalities and European countries (Austria: 9.0%; Cyprus: 5.8%; Ireland and the United Kingdom: 8.8%; Italy: 9.7%; Portugal: 51.8%; Spain: 14.9%). A five-point Likert-type scale was used. The results showed that they practically do not use this technology (2.45), that 43.2% do not have technologies for data analysis and 48.85% for the evaluation of tactical technical physical performance. Furthermore, this is somewhat important (3.73), moderately complicated to use (3.05) and very expensive (2.79). Nor do they have very developed digital skills (2.95). This analysis highlights the need to implement digital organizational culture, planning investment strategies in digitalization and training in digital skills.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • References Ábalo, J., Varela, J., & Rial, A. (2006). El análisis de importancia-valoración aplicado a la gestión de servicios. Psicothema, 18(4), 730–737. https://reunido.uniovi.es/index.php/PST/article/view/8369/8233
  • Alaloul, W. S., Liew, M. S., Zawawi, N. A. W. A., & Kennedy, I. B. (2020). Industrial Revolution 4.0 in the construction industry: challenges and opportunities for stakeholders. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 11(1), 225–230. http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.asej.2019.08.010
  • Armenteros, M., Benitez, A. J., & Betancor, M. A. (2019). The use of video technologies in referee. Routledge. https://doi. org/10.4324/9780429455551
  • Bacon, D. R. (2003). A comparison of approaches to importance-performance analysis. International Journal of Market Research, 45(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1177/147078530304500101
  • Balzano, M., & Bortoluzzi, G. (2023). The digital transformation of soccer clubs and their business models. Impresa Progetto, (1), 1-20. https://doi.org/10.15167/1824-3576/IPEJM2023.1.1527
  • Bai, Z., & Bai, X. (2021). Sports big data: management, analysis, applications, and challenges. Complexity, 2021, 1-11. https:// doi.org/10.1155/2021/6676297
  • Barney, J. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, 17(1), 99–120. https://doi. org/10.1177/01492063910170010
  • Byrd, T., & Douglas E. (2001). An exploratory examination of the relationship between flexible IT infrastructure and competitive advantage. Information & Management, 39(1), 41–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7206(01)00078-7
  • Chan, S. L. (2000). Information technology in business processes. Business Process Management Journal, 6(3), 224–237. https://doi.org/10.1108/14637150010325444
  • Cirilli, E., & Nicolini, P. (2019). Digital skills and profile of each generation: a review. International Journal of Developmental and Educational Psychology. Revista INFAD de Psicología, 3(1), 487. https://doi.org/10.17060/ijodaep.2019.n1.v3.1525
  • ComputerWorld. (2014, April 10). El Universo Digital se expande acelerado por el crecimiento de los datos. Internet de Las Cosas.
  • Cyrus F., Gibson, C. F., & Nolan, R. (1974). Managing the Four Stages of EDP Growth. Harvard Business Review. https://hbr. org/1974/01/managing-the-four-stages-of-edp-growth
  • Del Águila, A. R., Bruque, S., & Padilla, A. (2003). Las tecnologías de la información y de la comunicación en la organización de empresas. Cuestiones de investigación en un nuevo paradigma. Investigaciones Europeas de Dirección y Economía de La Empresas, 9(2), 63–80. https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=713499
  • Díaz Barahona, J. (2020). Retos y oportunidades de la tecnología móvil en la educación física. Retos, Nuevas tendencias en Educación Física, Deportes y Recreación, 37, 767–773. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v37i37.68851
  • Digital Business Assurance (MTP). (n.d.). Transformación digital para empresas. Blog de MTP. 2023. https://www.mtp.es/ transformacion-digital/
  • Digital Business Assurance (MTP). (2017, June 22). ¿Qué es el contexto digital? Experiencia de Usuario Para Empresas. https:// www.mtp.es/blog/experiencia-de-usuario-blog/que-es-el-contexto-digital/
  • European Commission (n.d.). European education area. Plan de acción de educación digital – Acción 9. July 27, 2023. https:// education.ec.europa.eu/es/focus-topics/digital-education/action-plan/action-9
  • Ferguson, G. J. (2016). Industrial Economics: Issues and Perspectives. Bloomsbury Publishing.
  • FIFA (n.d.). Technical. Football Technology & Innovation. July, 27, 2023. https://www.fifa.com/technical/football-technology
  • Frevel, N., Beiderbeck, D., & Schmidt, S. L. (2022). The impact of technology on sports – A prospective study. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 182, 121838. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2022.121838
  • Glebova, E., & Desbordes, M. (2021). Identifying the role of digital technologies in sport spectators customer experiences through qualitative approach. Athens Journal of Sports, 8(2), 141–160. https://doi.org/10.30958/ajspo
  • Gray, J., & Rumpe, B. (2015). Models for digitalization. Software & Systems Modeling, 14, 1319–1320. https://doi.org/10.1007/ s10270-015-0494-9
  • GSIC by Microsoft. (2019). Digital Transformation of Sports Entities by 2025. How will it look like? The 4-ring model. www.sportgsic.com
  • Jenny, S. E., Keiper, M. C., Taylor, B. J., Williams, D. P., Gawrysiak, J., Manning, R. D., & Tutka, P. M. (2018). eSports Venues: a new sport business opportunity. Journal of Applied Sport Management, 10(1), 34–49. https://doi.org/10.18666/JASM2018-V10-I1-8469
  • León-Quismondo, J. (2019). Estudio de los Factores Críticos de Éxito en los centros fitness de gestión privada de la Comunidad de Madrid. [Tesis doctoral, Universidad Europea de Madrid]. Repositorio de Producción Científica Universidad Europea de Madrid. http://hdl.handle.net/11268/8243
  • León-Quismondo, J., García-Unanue, J., & Burillo, P. (2020). Análisis de Importancia-Valoración (IPA) y Modelo Kano aplicados a centros fitness de la Comunidad de Madrid. Cultura, Ciencia y Deporte, 15(44), 223-234. https://doi.org/10.12800/ccd. v15i44.1464
  • Lupton, D. (2020). ‘Better understanding about what’s going on’: young Australians’ use of digital technologies for health and fitness. Sport, Education and Society, 25(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1080/13573322.2018.1555661
  • Magaz-González, A. M.; Mendaña-Cuervo, C.; Sahelices-Pinto, C.; García-Tascón, M. (2022). Soportes TIC empleados para la práctica de actividad física durante el confinamiento. Impulso para la inmersión digital en el sector. In L. GallardoGuerrero, J. García-Unanue, & S. López-Carril (Eds.), Economía y Gestión del Deporte en la era de la transformación digital (pp. 521–524). IGOID-UCLM.
  • Martilla, J. A., & James, J. C. (1977). Importance-Performance analysis. Journal of Marketing, 41(1), 77–79. https://doi. org/10.1177/002224297704100112
  • Mataruna-Dos-Santos, L. J., Faccia, A., Helú, H. M., & Khan, M. S. (2020). Big data analyses and new technology applications in sport management, an overview. ICBDM 2020: Proceedings of the 2020 International Conference on Big Data in Management, 17–22. https://doi.org/10.1145/3437075.3437085
  • Mazzone, D. (2014). Digital transformation: the only choice for business to survive smash and conquer. Smashbox Consulting Inc.
  • Norton, D. (2016). Digital Context 2.0: seven lessons in business strategy, consumer behavior, and the internet of things. BookBaby.
  • Novatorov, E.V. (1997). An importance-performance approach to evaluating internal marketing in a recreation centre. Managing Leisure, 2(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1080/136067197376248
  • Pagani, M., & Pardo, C. (2017). The impact of digital technology on relationships in a business network. Industrial Marketing Management, 67, 185–192. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.INDMARMAN.2017.08.009
  • Peteraf, M. A. (1993). The cornerstones of competitive advantage: a resource-based view. Strategic Management Journal, 14(3), 179–191. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250140303
  • Porter, M. E.; Millar, V. E. (1985). How information gives you competitive advantage. Harvard Business Review, 64(4), 149–160. https://hbr.org/1985/07/how-information-gives-you-competitive-advantage
  • Rathonyi, G., É., Bácsné Bába, E., Müller, A., & Ráthonyi-Ódor. K. (2018). How digital technologies are changing sport? Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce, 12(3-4), 89-96. https://doi.org/10.19041/APSTRACT/2018/3-4/10
  • Ratten, V. (2020). Sport technology: a commentary. The Journal of High Technology Management Research, 31(1), 100383. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.HITECH.2020.100383
  • Rymarczyk, J. (2020). Technologies, opportunities and challenges of the industrial revolution 4.0: theoretical considerations. Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review, 8(1), 185–198. https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=976200
  • Sánchez, A., & Rebollo, S. (2010). Current working panorama in the physical activity and sport field. European Journal of Human Movement, 6(0), 141-154. https://www.eurjhm.com/index.php/eurjhm/article/view/59
  • Schmidt, S. L. (editor). (2024). 21st Century Sports. How technologies will change sports in the digital age. Springer https://doi. org/10.1007/978-3-031-38981-8
  • Sethna, B.N. (1982). Extensions and testing of importance-performance analysis. Business Economics, 20, 28-31.
  • Siano, B., Jayantilal, S., Ferreira, J. J., & Carayannis, E. G. (2022). Digital transformation and strategic management: a systematic review of the literature. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 13, 3195–3222. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/ s13132-021-00853-3
  • Solanellas Donato, F., Aurélio Avila, M., Muñoz Vázquez, J., & Rosa, C. (2022). Las políticas deportivas en la provincia de Barcelona. La visión de los gestores deportivos municipales (Sport policies in the province of Barcelona. The vision of municipal sports managers). Cultura, Ciencia y Deporte, 17(51), 53-63. https://doi.org/10.12800/ccd.v17i51.1581
  • Swim, N., Presley, R., & Thompson, E. (2023). Digital development and technology in sport: a course to improve digital literacy in the sport management curriculum. Sport Management Education Journal, 18(1) 87-93. https://doi.org/10.1123/ smej.2022-0021
  • Tirole, J. (1990). La teoría de la organización industrial. Ariel.
  • Toto, G. A. (2022). A Systematic review on digital technologies on sport science: didactic of sport. Formazione & Insegnamento, 20(1 Suppl.), 001–012. https://doi.org/10.7346/-feis-XX-01-22_01
  • van Laar, E., van Deursen, A. J. A. M., van Dijk, J. A. G. M., & de Haan, J. (2019). Determinants of 21st-century digital skills: a large-scale survey among working professionals. Computers in Human Behavior, 100, 93–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/J. CHB.2019.06.017
  • Ventura, J. (1996). Análisis dinámico de la estrategia empresarial: un ensayo interdisciplinar. Universidad de Oviedo.
  • Zhang, Y., & Zhao, J. (2023). Integrating the internet of things and computer-aided technology with the construction of a sports training evaluation system. Computer-Aided Design and Applications, 20, 89-98. https://doi.org/10.14733/ cadaps.2023.S2.89-9
Fuente de los datos: Dialnet