Diseño de un sistema tecnológico de registro ocular inalámbrico de bajo costeaplicación a la escalada deportiva

Abstract

To characterize objectively the visual strategies is essential to develop technological systems that allow us to track eye movements. Nowadays, there are many commercial systems that allow reliable and accurate recordings of eye movements and visual fixation point, but the versatility and above all the price convert them as an impossible option for many researchers (Babcock, 2005). Therefore, the scientific community searches a robust, reliable and economical system to measure a great number of critical variables in visual perception, such as saccades movements, number of fixations and duration of these visual fixations (Goldberg & Wichansky, 2003). If we add to these features the wireless one, comfort and lightness, we obtain measurements where the athletes perform their movements with freedom. The most relevant results lead us to conclude that the eye tracker system we have designed and built is a valid system of ocular registration with an accuracy similar to commercial eye tracking systems existing today. The error in the measurement falls below 0.5 º of visual arc or 2 cm in a distance of view of 4 m. Strategies of visual search in advanced level group are different than the intermediate group. Specifically, the group with the highest sporting level perceives for longer the climbing wall, developing a perceptual strategy with longer total fixation oriented to climbing holds within the ideal route determined by experts. Instead, the group with the lowest fitness level takes longer to set in no relevant climbing holds, investing more time to complete the climbing route. The advanced group seems to have a lineal relation between perceptual-cognitive, attentional and motor processes.