Parental Attachment and Satisfaction With Social LifeThe Mediating Role of Gelotophobia

  1. Gonzalo del Moral-Arroyo 1
  2. Carla Canestrari 2
  3. Morena Muzi 2
  4. Cristian Suárez-Relinque 1
  5. Angelo Carrieri 2
  6. Alessandra Fermani 2
  1. 1 Área de Psicología Social. Universidad Pablo de Olavide
  2. 2 Department of Education, Cultural Heritage and Tourism, University of Macerata
Revista:
Psicothema

ISSN: 0214-9915,  1886-144X

Año de publicación: 2022

Volumen: 34

Número: 3

Páginas: 437-445

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.7334/PSICOTHEMA2021.437 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Psicothema

Objetivos de desarrollo sostenible

Resumen

Antecedentes: el objetivo del presente estudio fue investigar la forma en que la gelotofobia se relaciona con el apego seguro parental, el grado de satisfacción con la vida social y las estrategias de afrontamiento en una muestra no clínica de adultos jóvenes españoles. Método: la muestra estuvo conformada por 306 jóvenes adultos españoles (M= 21.4 años; DT= 2.27; 67.6% mujeres). Se analizaron las relaciones entre las variables del estudio y se puso a prueba un modelo de mediación según el cual la gelotofobia (M) media en la relación entre el apego seguro paterno (VI) y el nivel de satisfacción con la vida social (VD). Resultados: una vida social satisfactoria se relacionó con niveles bajos de gelotofobia y altos de apego seguro al padre, así como con el uso de estrategias de afrontamiento positivas de control y apoyo social. El apego seguro al padre se asoció positivamente con las estrategias de afrontamiento centradas en la búsqueda de apoyo social y negativamente con la gelotofobia. Conclusiones: altos niveles de apego seguro al padre se relacionan con una mayor satisfacción con la vida con la mediación de bajos niveles de gelotofobia.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Armsden, G. C. & Greenberg, M. T. (1987). The inventory of parent and peer attachment: Individual differences and their relationship to psychological well-being in adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 16(5), 427-454. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02202939
  • Arnett, J. J. (2000). High hopes in a grim world: Emerging adults’ views of their futures and “Generation X”. Youth & Society, 31(3), 267-286. https://doi.org/10.1177/0044118X00031003001
  • Arnett, J.J.,Žukauskienė R., & Sugimura, K. (2014). The new life stage of emerging adulthood at ages 18–29 years: Implications for mental health. The Lancet Psychiatry, 1(7), 569-576. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(14)00080-7
  • Bergkvist, L. & Rossiter, J. R. (2009). Tailor-made single-item measures of doubly concrete constructs. International Journal of Advertising, 28(4), 607-62. https://doi.org/10.2501/S0265048709200783
  • Blasco-Belled, A., Rogoza, R., & Alsinet, C. (2022). Vulnerable narcissism is related to the fear of being laughed at and to the joy of laughing at others. Personality and Individual Differences, 190, Article 111536. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2022.111536
  • Brauer, K. & Proyer, R. T. (2020). Gelotophobia in romantic life: Replicating associations with attachment styles and their mediating role for relationship status. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 37(10-11), 2890-2897. https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407520941607
  • Brauer, K., Proyer, R. T., & Ruch, W. (2020). Extending the study of gelotophobia, gelotophilia, and katagelasticism in romantic life towards romantic attachment. Journal of Individual Differences, 4(2), 86-100. https://doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001/a000307
  • Buist, K. L., Deković,, M., Meeus, W., & van Aken, M. A. G. (2002). Developmental patterns in adolescent attachment to mother, father and sibling. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 31(3), 167-176. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1015074701280
  • Canestrari, C., Bongelli, R., Fermani, A., Riccioni, I., Bertolazzi, A., & Muzi, M. (2021b). Coronavirus Disease Stress Among Italian Healthcare Workers: The Role of Coping Humor. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, Article 601574. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.601574
  • Canestrari, C., Carrieri, A., Del Moral, G., Fermani, A., & Muzi, M. (2019). Do coping strategies and the degree of satisfaction with one’s social life and parental attachment modulate gelotophobia, gelotophilia and katagelasticism? A study on young Italian adults. Current Psychology. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-019-00417-4
  • Canestrari, C., Del Moral, G., Carrieri, A., Muzi, M., & Fermani, A. (2021a). Parental attachment and cyberbullying victims: The mediation effect of gelotophobia. Current Psychology. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-01642-6
  • Carretero-Dios, H., Proyer, R. T., Ruch, W., & Rubio, V. J. (2010). The Spanish version of the GELOPH< 15>: Properties of a questionnaire for the assessment of the fear of being laughed at. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 10(2), 345-357. https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=33712250009
  • Consoli, A. J., Blears, K., Bunge, E. L., Mandil, J., Sharma, H., & Whaling, K. M. (2018). Integrating culture, pedagogy, and humor in CBT with anxious and depressed youth. Practice Innovations, 3(2), 138-151. https://doi.org/10.1037/pri0000069
  • Crittenden, P. (2008). Il modello dinamico-maturativo dell’attaccamento [The dynamic-maturative model of attachment]. Raffaello Cortina.
  • Crittenden, P., Kozlowska, K., & Landini, A. (2010). Assessing attachment in school-age children. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 15(2), 185-208. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359104509356741
  • Crocetti, E., Rubini, M., & Meeus, W. (2008). Capturing the dynamics of identity formation in various ethnic groups: Development and validation of a three-dimensional model. Journal of Adolescence, 31(2), 207-222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.adolescence.2007.09.002
  • Delgado, L., Penelo, E., Fornieles, A., Brun-Gasca, C., & Ollé, M. (2016). Estructura factorial y consistencia interna de la versión española del Inventario de Apego a Padres y Pares para Adolescentes (IPPA) [Factorial structure and internal consistency of the Spanish version of the Parent and Peer Attachment Inventory for Adolescents (IPPA)]. Universitas Psychologica, 15(1), 327-338. https://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.upsy15-1.efci
  • Diamantopoulos, A., Sarstedt, M., Fuchs, C., Wilczynski, P., & Kaiser, S. (2012). Guidelines for choosing between multi-item and single-item scales for construct measurement: a predictive validity perspective. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 40(3), 434-449. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-011-0300-3
  • Dionigi, A. & Canestrari, C. (2018a). The role of laughter in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy: case studies. Discourse Studies, 20(3), 323-339. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461445618754426
  • Dionigi, A. & Canestrari, C. (2018b). The use of humour by therapists and clients in cognitive therapy. European Journal of Humour Research, 6(3), 50-67. https://doi.org/10.7592/EJHR2018.6.3.dionigi
  • Durbin, J. & Watson, G. S. (1971). Testing for serial correlation in least squares regression. III. Biometrika, 58(1), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1093/biomet/58.1.1
  • Esparbès, S., Sordes-Ader, F., & Tap, P. (1993). L’Échelle Toulousaine de coping: Un instrument pour l’analyse des liens entre personnalisation et stratégies de coping [The Toulouse Coping Scale: An instrument for analyzing the links between personalization and coping strategies]. Data report 1993. Journées du Labo PCS, Université de Toulouse Le-Mirail.
  • Fermani, A., Bongelli, R., Canestrari, C., Muzi, M., Riccioni, I., & Burro, R. (2020). “Old wine in a new bottle”. Depression and romantic relationships in Italian emerging adulthood: The moderating effect of gender. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(11), 4121. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17114121
  • Fermani, A., Muzi, M., Crocetti, E., & Meeus, W. H. J. (2016). I genitori sono importanti per la chiarezza del concetto di sé?: Studenti e lavoratori a confronto [Are parents important in clarifying the self-concept ?: Students and workers compared]. Clinical Developmental Psychology, 20(1), 55-82. https://doi.org/10.1449/83130
  • Führ, M., Proyer, R. T., & Ruch, W. (2009). Assessing the fear of being laughed at (gelotophobia): First evaluation of the Danish GELOPH<15>. Nordic Psychology, 61(2), 62-73. https://doi.org/10.1027/1901-2276.61.2.62
  • Führ, M. (2010). The applicability of the GELOPH<15> in children and adolescents: First evaluation in a large sample of Danish pupils. Psychology Science Quarterly, 52(1), 60-76.
  • Führ, M., Platt. T., & Proyer, R. T. (2013). Testing the relations of gelotophobia with humour as a coping strategy, self-ascribed loneliness, reflectivity, attractiveness, self-acceptance and life expectations. European Journal of Humour Research, 3(1), 84-97. https://doi.org/10.7592/EJHR2015.3.1.fuhr
  • Gallarin M, &. Alonso-Arbiol I. (2013). Dimensionality of the inventory of parent and peer attachment: evaluation with the Spanish version. Spanish Journal of Psychology, 16, Article E55. https://doi.org/10.1017/sjp.2013.47. PMID: 23866252
  • Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach [Computer software]. Guilford Press.
  • ISTAT (2014). Il Progetto Bes dei giovani [The Bes project for young people]. Istituto Nazionale di Statistica, Governo d’Italia. https://www4.istat.it/it/archivio/126613
  • López-Vázquez, E. & Marván, M. L. (2004). Validación de una escala de afrontamiento frente a riesgos extremos [Validation of a scale for coping with extreme risks]. Salud Pública de México, 46(3), 216-221.
  • Meyer, B. & Pilkonis, P. A. (2001). Attachment style. Psychotherapy: Theory, Research, Practice, Training, 38(4), 466-472. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-3204.38.4.466
  • Miczo, N. (2017). Gelotophobia, attachment, and humor production: Further test of a security theory. Israeli Journal for Humor Research, 6(2), 25- 49. https://www.israeli-humor-studies.org/media/6-2-3-gelotophobia-n_ miczo.pdf
  • Papousek, I., Ruch, W., Freudenthaler, H. H., Kogler, E., Lang, B., & Schulter, G. (2009). Gelotophobia, emotion-related skills and responses to the affective states of others. Personality and Individual Differences, 47(1), 58-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2009.01.047
  • Platt, T. (2021). Extreme gelotophobia: Affective and physical responses to ridicule and teasing. Current Psychology. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-019-00510-8
  • Platt, T. & Ruch, W. (2009). The emotions of gelotophobes: Shameful, fearful and joyless? Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, 22, 91-110. https://doi.org/10.1515/HUMR.2009.005
  • Platt, T., Ruch, W., & Proyer, R. T. (2010). A lifetime of fear of being laughed at. Zeitschrift für Gerontologie und Geriatrie, 43(1), 36-41. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00391-009-0083-z
  • Proyer, R. T. & Ruch, W. (2010). Enjoying and fearing laughter: Personality characteristics of gelotophobes, gelotophiles, and katagelasticists. Psychological Test and Assessment Modeling, 52(2), 148-160.
  • Proyer, R. T., Estoppey, S., & Ruch, W. (2012b). An initial study on how families deal with ridicule and being laughed at: Parenting styles and parent–child relations with respect to gelotophobia, gelotophilia, and katagelasticism. Journal of Adult Development, 19(4), 228-237. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10804-012-9150-6
  • Proyer, R. T., Platt, T., & Ruch, W. (2010). Self-conscious emotions and ridicule: Shameful gelotophobes and guilt free katagelasticists. Personality and Individual Differences, 49(1), 54-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2010.03.007
  • Proyer, R. T., Ruch, W., Ali, N. S., Al-Olimat, H. S., Amemiya, T., Andualem, T., Ansari, S.D., Arhar, S., Asem, G., Baudin, N., Bawab, S., Bergen, D., Brdar, I., Brites, R., Brunner-Sciarra, M., Carrell, A., Carretero-Dios, H., Celik, M., Ceschi, G.,… Yeun, E. (2009). Breaking ground in crosscultural research on the fear of being laughed at (gelotophobia): A multinational study involving 73 countries. Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, 22(1-2), 253-279. https://doi.org/10.1515/HUMR.2009.012
  • Proyer, R. & Neukom, M. (2013). Ridicule and being laughed at in the family: Gelotophobia, gelotophilia, and katagelasticism in young children and their parents. International Journal of Psychology, 48(6), 1191-1195. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207594.2013.775448
  • Proyer, R., Ruch, W., & Chen, G. (2012a). Gelotophobia: Life satisfaction and happiness across cultures. Humor. International Journal of Humor Research, 25(1), 23-40. https://doi.org/10.1515/humor-2012-0002
  • Proyer. R.T. & Wolf. A. (2017). Humor and well-being. In J. Stein (Ed.). Reference Module in Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Psychology (pp 1-14). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-809324-5.05590-5
  • Raja, S. N., McGee, R., & Stanton, W. R. (1992). Perceived attachments to parents and peers and psychological well-being in adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 21(4), 471-485. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01537898
  • Renner, K. H. & Heydasch, T. (2010). Performing humor: On the relations between self-presentation styles, gelotophobia, gelotophilia, and katagelasticism. Psychological Test and Assessment Modeling, 52(2), 171.
  • Ruch, W., Hofmann, J., Platt, T., & Proyer, R. (2014). The state-of-the art in gelotophobia research: A review and some theoretical extensions. Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, 27(1), 23-45. https://doi.org/10.1515/humor-2013-0046
  • Ruch, W. & Proyer, R. T. (2009). Extending the study of gelotophobia: On gelotophiles and katagelasticists. Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, 22(1-2), 183-212. https://doi.org/10.1515/humr.2009.009
  • Ruch, W., Proyer, R. T., & Ventis, L. (2010). The relationship of teasing in childhood to the expression of gelotophobia in adults. Psychological Test and Assessment Modeling, 52(1), 77-93. https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-33203
  • Ruch, W. & Stahlmann, A.G. (2020). Toward a dynamic model of Gelotophobia: Social support, workplace bullying and stress are connected with diverging trajectories of life and job satisfaction among Gelotophobes. Current Psychology. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-020-01046-y
  • Sackett, P. R. & Larson, J. R., Jr. (1990). Research Strategies and Tactics in Industrial and Organizational Psychology. In M. D. Dunnette & L. M. Hough (Eds.), Handbook of industrial and organizational psychology (pp. 419–489). Consulting Psychologists Press.
  • Samson, A. C., Huber, O., & Ruch, W. (2011). Teasing, ridiculing and the relation to the fear of being laughed at in individuals with Asperger’s syndrome. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 41(4), 475- 483. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-010-1071-2
  • Samson, A.C. & Meyer, Y. (2010). Perception of aggressive humor in relation to gelotophobia, gelotophilia, and katagelasticism. Psychological Test and Assessment Modeling, 52, (2), 217-230. https://archive-ouverte.unige.ch/unige:98075
  • Shrout, P. E. & Bolger, N. (2002). Mediation in experimental and nonexperimental studies: new procedures and recommendations. Psychological Methods, 7(4), 422-445. https://doi.org/10.1037/1082-989X.7.4.422
  • Tap, P., Esparbès-Pistre S., & Sordes-Ader, F. (1997). Identité et stratégies de personalisation [Identity and personalization strategies]. Psychology Bulletin, 428(50), 185-196.
  • Titze, M. (2009). Gelotophobia: The fear of being laughed at. Humor: International Journal of Humor Research, 22(1-2), 27-48. https://doi.org/10.1515/humr.2009.002
  • Torres-Marín, J. & Carretero-Dios, H. (2017). Gelotofobia: El lado oscuro del sentido del humor [Gelotophobia: The dark side of humor]. Cognitive Science, 11(1), 14-16.
  • Torres-Marín, J., Carretero-Dios, H., Acosta, A., & Lupiáñez, J. (2017). Eye contact and fear of being laughed at in a gaze discrimination task. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, 1954. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01954
  • Torres-Marín, J., Navarro-Carrillo, G., & Carretero-Dios, H. (2018). Is the use of humor associated with anger management? The assessment of individual differences in humor styles in Spain. Personality and Individual Differences, 120, 193-201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.08.040
  • Torres-Marín, J., Proyer, R. T., López-Benítez, R., Brauer, K., & Carretero-Dios, H. (2019). Beyond the big five as predictors of dispositions toward ridicule and being laughed at: The HEXACO model and the dark triad. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 60(5), 473-483. https://doi.org/10.1111/sjop.12563
  • World Medical Association (2013). World Medical Association declaration of Helsinki: Ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects. JAMA, 310(20), 2191-2194. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2013.281053
  • Wu, C. L., An, C. P., Tseng, L. P., Chen, H. C., Chan, Y. C., Cho, S. L., & Tsai, M. L. (2015). Fear of being laughed at with relation to parent attachment in individuals with autism. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 10, 116-123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rasd.2014.11.004
  • Wu, C. L., Huang, Y. T., Wang, P. Y., & Chen, H. C. (2019). Parent–child attachment as a mediator of the relationship between parenting style and gelotophobia among adolescents. International Journal of Psychology, 54(4), 548-556. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijop.12493
Fuente de los datos: Dialnet